Ukwazi kanjani ukuhlolwa kwamamodeli we-PDC bit ROP kanye nomthelela wamandla edwala kuma-coefficients angamamodeli?

Abstract

Izimo zamanje zentengo kawoyela ephansi zivuselele ukugcizelelwa kokuthuthukiswa kokumba ukuze kongiwe isikhathi sokumba imithombo kawoyela negesi nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza. I-Rate of penetration modelling (i-ROP) iyithuluzi elibalulekile ekwandiseni imingcele yokumba, okuyisisindo esincane kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza sezinqubo zokumba ngokushesha. Ngenoveli, ukuboniswa kwedatha okuzenzakalelayo konke kanye nethuluzi lokumodela le-ROP elakhiwe ku-Excel VBA, ROPPlotter, lo msebenzi uphenya ukusebenza kwemodeli nomthelela wamandla edwala kuma-coefficients angamamodeli wamamodeli amabili e-PDC Bit ROP ahlukene: i-Hareland ne-Rampersad (1994) ne-Motahhari. et al. (2010). Laba ababili Idatha ye-PDC amamodeli aqhathaniswa necala eliyisisekelo, ubudlelwano obujwayelekile be-ROP obuthuthukiswe ngu-Bingham (1964) ngezindlela ezintathu ezihlukene zetshe lesanti esigabeni esime mpo somthombo ovundlile we-Bakken shale. Ngokokuqala ngqa, kuye kwenziwa umzamo wokuhlukanisa umphumela wamandla edwala ahlukahlukene kuma-coefficients emodeli ye-ROP ngokuphenya ama-lithologies anemingcele yokumba efanayo. Ukwengeza, ingxoxo ebanzi ngokubaluleka kokukhetha imingcele yemodeli efanelekile yenziwa. Amandla edwala, abalwa kumamodeli we-Hareland kanye ne-Motahhari kodwa hhayi eka-Bingham, aphumela kumanani aphezulu ama-coefficients amamodeli aphindaphindayo amamodeli angaphambili, ngaphezu kokwenyuka kwethemu le-RPM i-exponent yemodeli ka-Motahhari. Imodeli ye-Hareland ne-Rampersad iboniswa isebenza kahle kakhulu kumamodeli amathathu anale dathasethi ethile. Ukusebenza nokusebenziseka kokumodela kwe-ROP okungokwesiko kubuzwa, njengoba amamodeli anjalo ancike kusethi yama-coefficients asetshenziswayo ahlanganisa umthelela wezinto eziningi zokumba ezingabaliwe ekwakhiweni kwemodeli futhi zihlukile ku-lithology ethile.

Isingeniso

Izingcezu ze-PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) ziwuhlobo lwebhithi oluhamba phambili olusetshenziswa ekumbeni uwoyela nemithombo yegesi namuhla. Ukusebenza kwebhithi kuvame ukukalwa ngesilinganiso sokungena (i-ROP), inkomba yokuthi umthombo ubhowa ngokushesha kangakanani ngobude bomgodi ombiwe ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye. Ukuthuthukiswa kokumba bekuhamba phambili ezinhlelweni zezinkampani zamandla angamashumi eminyaka manje, futhi kuthola ukubaluleka okwengeziwe ngesikhathi samanje samanani aphansi kawoyela (i-Hareland neRampersad, 1994). Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuthuthukisa imingcele yokumba ukuze kukhiqizwe i-ROP engcono kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwemodeli enembile ehlobene nezilinganiso ezitholwe phezulu nezinga lokumba.

Amamodeli amaningana e-ROP, okuhlanganisa amamodeli athuthukiswe ngokukhethekile uhlobo oluthile lwebhithi, ashicilelwe emibhalweni. Lawa mamodeli e-ROP ngokuvamile aqukethe inani lama-epirical coefficients ancike ku-lithology futhi angase akhinyabeze ukuqonda kobudlelwane phakathi kwamapharamitha okumba kanye nezinga lokungena. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo ukuhlaziya ukusebenza kwemodeli nokuthi ama-coefficients emodeli aphendula kanjani kudatha yenkambu enemingcele ehlukahlukene yokumba, ikakhulukazi amandla e-rock, amabili.Idatha ye-PDC amamodeli (i-Hareland ne-Rampersad, 1994, Motahhari et al., 2010). Ama-coefficients wemodeli nokusebenza nawo kuqhathaniswa nemodeli ye-ROP yecala eliyisisekelo (i-Bingham, 1964), ubudlelwano obulula obasebenza njengemodeli yokuqala ye-ROP esetshenziswa kabanzi kuyo yonke imboni futhi esasetshenziswa njengamanje. Ukumba idatha yenkambu ekwakhekeni kwetshe lesandstone okunamandla ahlukahlukene edwala kuyaphenywa, futhi ama-coefficients amamodeli alawa mamodeli amathathu ayabalwa futhi aqhathaniswe namanye. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi ama-coefficients amamodeli we-Hareland kanye ne-Motahhari ekubunjweni kwedwala ngalinye azofinyelela ububanzi obubanzi kunama-coefficients emodeli ye-Bingham, njengoba amandla edwala ahlukahlukene abalwa ngawo ngokucacile ekwakhiweni kwakamuva. Ukusebenza kwemodeli nakho kuyahlolwa, okuholela ekukhethweni kwemodeli ye-ROP engcono kakhulu yesifunda sase-Bakken shale eNyakatho Dakota.

Amamodeli e-ROP afakwe kulo msebenzi ahlanganisa izibalo ezingaguquguquki ezihlobanisa imingcele embalwa yokumba nezinga lokumba futhi aqukethe isethi yama-empirical coefficients ahlanganisa umthelela wezinqubo zokumba ezinemodeli eqinile, njengama-hydraulics, ukusebenzisana kwe-cutter-rock, bit ukuklama, izici zokuhlanganisa imbobo engezansi, uhlobo lodaka, nokuhlanza imigodi. Nakuba lawa mamodeli e-ROP endabuko ngokuvamile engasebenzi kahle uma eqhathaniswa nedatha yasensimini, ahlinzeka ngesitebhisi esibalulekile kumasu amasha wokumodela. Amamodeli esimanjemanje, anamandla kakhulu, asekelwe kwizibalo anokuguquguquka okuthuthukile angathuthukisa ukunemba kokumodela kwe-ROP. U-Gandelman (2012) ubike ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile kokumodela kwe-ROP ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi okwenziwa emizwa esikhundleni samamodeli e-ROP endabuko emithonjeni kawoyela ezitsheni zangaphambi kosawoti ongaselwandle lwase-Brazil. Amanethiwekhi e-neural okwenziwa nawo asetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekuqaguleni kwe-ROP emisebenzini ka-Bilgesu et al. (1997), uMoran et al. (2010) kanye no-Esmaeili et al. (2012). Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa okunjalo kokumodela kwe-ROP kuza ngezindleko zokutolika kwemodeli. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli e-ROP endabuko asabalulekile futhi ahlinzeka ngendlela ephumelelayo yokuhlaziya ukuthi ipharamitha ethile yokumba ilithinta kanjani izinga lokungena.

I-ROPPlotter, ukubukwa kwedatha yenkambu kanye nesofthiwe yokufanisa ye-ROP eyakhiwe ku-Microsoft Excel VBA (Soares, 2015), isetshenziswa ekubaleni ama-coefficients amamodeli kanye nokuqhathanisa ukusebenza kwamamodeli.